Eastern Ideas of Virtue
Virtue is also an important concept in Chinese philosophies such as Confucianism and Taoism. Chinese virtues include:
- Humanity
- Xiao - usually translated as filial piety
- Zhong - meaning loyalty.
One important normative value in much of Chinese thinking is that one’s social status should be the result of the amount of virtue that one could demonstrate rather than by one’s birth. In the Analects, Confucius stated that perfect virtue consists of the global practice of five things:
- Gravity
- Generosity of soul
- Sincerity
- Earnestness
- Kindness
The four classic Islam “cardinal” virtues are:
- Shiddiq : prudence/wisdom/truthful
- Tabligh : communicative
- Amanah : trustworthy
- Fathanah : intelligent or smart



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